Prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women and effect of Vitamin D supplementation on maternal and fetal outcomes: A double-blind randomized placebo controlled trial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v13i2.40639Keywords:
Predictors, Pregnancy outcome, Vitamin D deficiency, Vitamin D supplementationAbstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in pregnancy has been found to be associated with adverse outcome in various observational studies. Evidence from randomized control trials is necessary to change current recommendations.
Aims and Objectives: We conducted randomized controlled trial to assess the effect of Vitamin D supplementation on pregnancy outcome. We also looked for predictors of VDD as universal testing is neither recommended nor available.
Materials and Methods: Consecutive pregnant women at 12–16 weeks of gestation were invited to participate in the study. Eligible women were assessed for potential risk factors for VDD (serum concentration <20 ng/dl). Serum 25-OH Vitamin D levels were checked. At 20 weeks gestation, consenting women (n=297) were randomized to receive either 60,000 IU Vitamin D (n=151) orally daily for 5 days or placebo (n=146). Maternal and fetal outcomes were compared between the two groups by intention-to-treat analysis.
Results: Out of 304 eligible women, 92% had VDD. Mean Vitamin D concentration was 10.04±6.03 ng/dl. Vitamin D concentration was lower among women living in urban areas (P=0.001) and having lower sun exposure time (P=0.013). Vitamin D levels showed negative correlation with socioeconomic score (ρ=−0.131; P=0.023) and BMI (ρ=−0.112; P=0.05). In placebo group, women with VDD had longer duration of labor than Vitamin D replete ones (P=0.031). No significant difference was observed between two groups with respect to maternal and fetal outcomes. No adverse effects were observed.
Conclusion: VDD is highly prevalent among pregnant women. It is associated with significantly longer duration of labor.
Downloads
199
314
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- The journal holds copyright and publishes the work under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC license that permits use, distribution and reprduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. The journal should be recognised as the original publisher of this work.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
