Teratogenic Effect of Crude Ethanolic Root Bark and Leaf Extracts of Rauwolfia vomitoria (Apocynaceae) on the Liver of Albino Wistar Rat Fetuses

Authors

  • Mokutima A Eluwa Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar
  • Theresa B Ekanem Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar
  • Paul B Udoh Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology,, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Calabar
  • Amabe O Akpantah Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar
  • Moses B Ekong Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo
  • Olaitan R Asuquo Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar
  • Agnes A Nwakanma Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Anambra State University, Uli

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i1.6848

Keywords:

Root Bark Extract, Leaf Extract, Crude Ethanolic Extract, Rauwolfia vomitoria, fetal liver

Abstract

Objectives: Rauwolfia vomitoria is a medicinal plant which is used locally for the treatment of a variety of disorders including snake and insect bites and stings, insomnia and insanity. This study was to investigate the teratogenic effect of the ethanolic root bark extract of R. vomitoria on the fetal liver.

Material and methods: Twenty-five virgin female Wistar rats weighing between 180 – 200g were used. The animals were divided into 5 groups, labeled A, B, C, D and E, each consisting of 5 rats. Group A rats were the control, while Groups B, C, D and E were the experimental. The female rats at proestrous were mated with sexually matured male rats. The day after was designated as day zero of pregnancy. Groups B and C animals received oral doses of 150mg/kg and 250mg/kg body weight of the root bark extract while groups D and E animals received 150mg/kg and 250mg/kg body weight of the leaf extract respectively from 7th to 11th day of gestation. On the 20th day of gestation, the rats were sacrificed and the fetuses examined for gross anomalies. Each liver was routinely processed using Haematoxylin and Eosin method.

Results: Histological observations of the fetal liver showed marked distortion of normal liver architecture in the treated groups when compared with the control, the effect being more pronounced in the groups that received the root bark extract.

Conclusions: Our result suggests that ethanolic root bark and leaf extracts of Rauwolfia vomitoria maybe hepatotoxic to the developing rats liver.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i1.6848  

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 4(2013) 30-34

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Published

2013-04-24

How to Cite

Eluwa, M. A., Ekanem, T. B., Udoh, P. B., Akpantah, A. O., Ekong, M. B., Asuquo, O. R., & Nwakanma, A. A. (2013). Teratogenic Effect of Crude Ethanolic Root Bark and Leaf Extracts of Rauwolfia vomitoria (Apocynaceae) on the Liver of Albino Wistar Rat Fetuses. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 4(1), 30–34. https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i1.6848

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013)

Section

Original Articles

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