Phytochemical Composition, Anti-oxidant, Anti-glycation, α-amylase and α-glucosidase Inhibition of Silver Nanoparticles from Extracts of Ardisia Solanacea and Cytotoxic Studies

Abstract

The aim of this work is to evaluate the anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic activity of extracts of Ardisia solanacea and assess the cytotoxicity as well. The leaves were subjected to solvent extraction and nanoparticles were synthesized using the extracts. The AgNP of methanol extract from leaves of A. solanacea showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 35.44 mg of gallic acid/gm and 15.77 mg of quercetin /gm respectively. The TEM analysis revealed that the size of AgNPs ranged between 30 and 47 nm with ƛmax of 440nm. The AgNP of methanolic extract at 100µg/ mL exhibited maximum activity of 89.6% and 84.9% for DPPH and H2O2 scavenging activities respectively. Further, the extracts exhibited excellent NO scavenging, Xanthine oxidase inhibition and anti-glycation activities. The AgNP of methanol extract displayed excellent inhibitory activity with IC50 of 45.47 µg/mL and 56.42 µg/mL respectively for α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The MTT assay for the cytotoxic studies in vitro of extracts on HepG2 cells at varied concentrations was carried out and all the tested extracts and compounds displayed low levels of toxicity in a dosedependent approach. However, all the extracts exhibited <50% cell death even at the highest concentration of 200 µg/ mL. Therefore, Ardisia solanacea could be explored as a biofriendly natural source of phytoconstituents, which serves as an alternative to conventional synthetic compounds for the treatment and management of various diseases.