Humanities and Social Sciences Journal

Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth

2024-03-13T09:43:44+00:00

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a force of economic growth. FDI fills the gap between demand for capital and supply of capital that rise the productive investment and economic growth within the country. This paper aims to investigate the impact of FDI on economic growth of the country. Engel-Granger cointegration test is used by employing the time series data of 1995/96—2021/22 and error correction model. Neo-classical growth model is the main basis single equation model whereas real FDI is explanatory variable and GDP is the proxy for economic growth. Cointegration results confirms FDI makes the positive impact on economic growth in short-run as well as in long-run. The error correction term (0.67) indicates the disequilibria of GDP move towards the equilibrium at the speed of 65% in successive year. Therefore, this paper concludes to raise the FDI flows within the country. The Government should make the favorable environment — control money supply, direct remittance towards productive sector—for foreign investors which leads to rise economic growth within the country.

Tourism, Its Aspects and Enhancing Tourism in Nepal through Bay of Bengal Forum

2024-03-13T10:13:24+00:00

Tourism is an emerging sector of Nepali economy that generates foreign exchange earnings and adds to the country's balance of payments. Nepal is a member of the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) since 2004. Nepal and BIMSTEC member states have historical, geographic, physical, cultural, economic/financial, environmental/natural, people to people, technological, professional and media (social or print) linkages. As BIMSTEC bridges South Asia to South East Asia, Nepal has enormous potentials of economic growth through tourism earning using BIMSTEC Mechanism. By branding of BIMSTEC tourism circuits and marketing tour packages in Europe, America, China, and other top tourist sending countries, both BIMSTEC region and Nepal can gain foreign exchange from tourism which can help them to prosper together.

The Use of Children’s Picture Books to Promote Environmental Awareness

2024-03-13T10:34:18+00:00

Environmental catastrophe is one of the biggest problems of the current century. As one of the living things on the planet, humans must start to understand the environmental problems in their immediate surroundings. To increase the future generation's understanding of the current situation of the environment, children must receive a high-quality education. This study highlights how children’s exposure to green literature can help them become more aware of their surroundings. This study uses a qualitative research approach based on an interpretative model. In this investigation, several children's books are utilized as the study's subject material to demonstrate that young readers' literature may be a very effective instrument for fostering environmental awareness. Picture books are the type of children's books used in this study. These books are The Secret Garden and The Giving Tree. An ecocriticism analysis has been used in children's picture books to illustrate how to raise children’s environmental consciousness. This study reveals that the authors truly have demonstrated their enthusiasm for promoting environmental awareness and they illustrated the interconnectedness of nature and humanity. In conclusion, it is hoped that this study will boost children’s desire to safeguard, conserve, and care for the environment soon.

Transculturation in Elizabeth Enslin's While the Gods Were Sleeping: Complexities and Connections

2024-03-13T10:44:37+00:00

This paper analyzes Elizabeth Enslin’s While the Gods Were Sleeping (2014) from the perspective of transculturation focusing on what transcultural constrictions the author experiences and how she thrashes those constrictions thereby developing transcultural connections. The author, an American PhD scholar in anthropology, falls in love to a Nepali man of a Brahman family with whom she travels a long way to Nepal for the field research for her PhD study. After marriage in a high caste Hindu family, she encounters heaps of cultural differences between her Christian culture and her family’s Hindu culture. From the very first greeting by the family to the attitudes towards marriage, pregnancy, menstruation, childbirth, caste and gender, she finds innumerable divergences from her culture. Accustomed to the Christian culture, she faces big challenges to adjust with the Hindu family and the society. However, she ultimately subdues the prevailing transcultural constrictions and builds transformational connections. The study argues that this has been possible due to the author’s anthropological knowledge that poignantly motivates her to interact with the host culture by actively involving in the transculturation process. For the analytical purpose, the study applies research concepts from cultural studies particularly focusing on the concept of transculturation as defined by the scholars Mary Louis Pratt and Wolfgang Welsch and others. Finally, the study expects to open a new avenue for the analysis of cultures in the contact zone.

Impact of Climate Change on Livelihood of Poor and Marginalized Communities in Sudur Pashchim Nepal

2024-03-14T06:45:32+00:00

The present world has brought out considerable attention on the issues of climate change and more so in the regions like Nepal where impacts are being directly and indirectly faced by people living below the poverty line. This study has been carried in Kailali and Doti districts of Sudur Pashchim Province of Nepal to explore the impact of climate change on livelihood of poor and marginalized communities using mixed-method approach which combined quantitative and qualitative methods of research. Based on household survey, focus group discussion, interaction with the key informants and local authorities, poor and marginalized communities in both Doti and Kailali districts noticed that climate is changing, although slowly, and that people have been experiencing several impacts of climate change. The result indicated that out of total respondents 45.1 percent has been reported declining yields of major crops, 25.3 percent has been shared in changes in cropping pattern, 58.5 percent has been informed the increased in pest and disease infestation, 69.8 percent has been reported decreased in availability of water in nearby streams and rivers in recent years in all study sites compared to the past situation. Similarly, 53.1 percent has been shared the deceasing on movement of wild habitats, 73.5 percent has been informed in loss of dependent wild species and 46.4 percent of respondents has been expressed the decreasing of crown density in forests and grasslands coverage. This study helps policymakers and other stack holders to develop suitable policies and effective adaptation strategies to enhance the livelihoods within this context of local marginalized communities’ context.

Bridging the Skills Gap: Aligning Journalism Education with Industrial Needs in Nepal

2024-03-14T07:05:54+00:00

In Nepal, many individuals joined the journalism profession without professional training or formal education in the past. With the 1990’s democratic transition, the journalism landscape underwent significant changes, marking a proliferation of news media outlets, academic programs, and training opportunities. Even with many journalism programs and training opportunities available, there are still a gap in skills between classroom learning and industry demands, leading to journalism graduates lacking some essential professional skills. This study investigates the contributing factors to this skills gap, comprising outdated curricula, limited exposure to the newsrooms, and the lack of practical know how as well as confidence to work in the modern-day digital newsrooms. Employing key informant interviews with working journalists, newsroom leaders, and journalism educators, and reviewing the relevant literature, this study identifies skills gap not only among fresh graduates but also mid-career professionals, and proposes strategies to match journalism education and training opportunities with industry needs. The findings underscore the requisite for market-oriented curriculum design and regular updates, skill-centric teaching methods, adequate internship opportunities for journalism students and hands-on training for working journalists to prepare them for the realities of Nepal's evolving media landscape.

Discourse on the Classification of Information in Nepal

2024-03-14T07:11:46+00:00

Even after one and a half decades since the implementation of the Right to Information (RTI) Act in Nepal, the classification of information tasks has not been completed. Although attempts were made to classify the information three times during this period, none of the classifications were valid, and there was difficulty in the implementation of the RTI Act. This study has employed the principle of maximum disclosure, and the contents have been analyzed by adopting descriptive and explanatory methods. Instead of being active by classifying information to fulfill the policy objectives of the RTI Act, such as making the functions of the state open and transparent in accordance with the democratic system, making it accountable and responsible to the citizens, and making the access of citizens simple and easy to the information of public importance held in public bodies, the state has become indifferent.

Math’s Anxiety: Classroom Culture as a Causing Factor

2024-03-14T07:17:16+00:00

The aim of this study is to find out the basis of math’s anxiety: classroom culture as a causing factor. A quantitative research strategy based on the positivist paradigm was used. The main objective of this study was to identify the causes of math’s anxiety over the classroom circumstances. A random sample of 190 respondents in the tenth grade—95 boys and 95 girls—was chosen from among the students enrolled in the 19 community schools in the Kathmandu district. A self-made questionnaire with 35 statements and five-point Likert-type response options were used to collect data. Expert feedback was used to confirm the validity of the self-developed questionnaire, and reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha, which found out to be 0.82 using Delphi methodology. In accordance with the loading components, I had all four components prepared. It was concluded that, overcrowded classroom, attitude towards mathematics, pessimistic past experience and comparative culture are the main causing factors of math’s anxiety.

Public Policy and Local Development : An Analysis with Nepalese Perspective

2024-03-14T07:23:57+00:00

The intricate and significant relationship between local development and public policy is fundamental to understanding their interplay. Local development involves enhancing economic, social, and environmental conditions within specific geographic areas like cities, towns, or regions. In contrast, public policy encompasses the decisions, actions, and guidelines formulated by governments to address societal issues and achieve specific goals. Public policies essentially provide the framework and boundaries within which local development occurs. When well-crafted and effectively executed, public policies have the potential to catalyze positive outcomes in local development, fostering economic growth, improving quality of life, and enhancing overall community well-being. However, in Nepal, the execution of unsystematic policies for national development, along with local governments struggling to define their priorities and neglecting sustainable development based on local resources and job creation, presents a stark contrast to the ideal of local development as the foundation of democracy, reflecting the challenges and obstacles from the central to local government levels. Nepal should focus on sustainable development through the development policies for a self-reliant economy. This article tries to analyze the problems of public policies and local development.

Activity of Daily Living of Elderly People in Rural Setting of Nepal: Situation and Scenarios in Present Context

2024-03-14T09:22:59+00:00

Ageing is the global issue that affects almost all countries of the globe but its pace and level varies largely. The activities of daily living of elderly people are affected by various factors which reduce the activeness of elderly for their fullest contribution for development of society and nation. The activities of daily living are decreases with increasing the age and requires due medical care, support and treatment. The objective of this paper is to examine the contributing factors for activity of daily living in rural setting of Nepal. The cross-sectional study was carried out in Sunkoshi Rural Municipality, Sindhuli district in 2022 in which 413 elderly people aged 60+years were interviewed applying structured questionnaire. Chi-square test was employed to assess the association between dependent and independent variables whereas logistic regression was used to examine the contributing independent variables to activity of daily living. Of the total respondents, the significant proportion of respondents needed help for urination (50.12%) followed by carrying things (38.74%), walking (26.63%) and standing up (18.16%) whereas the least expressed that they need help for feeding (5.81%). Elderly having higher age have significantly higher likelihood of need of help for activity of daily living [70-79 years of age (OR=4.40, CI: 2.77-6.98) and 80+ years of age (OR=15.02, CI: 6.18-36.50)] than elderly aged 60-69 years of age. The likelihood of need of help for supporting daily activity is observed higher in joint family (OR=2.79, CI: 1.75-4.42) Janajati (OR=2.48, CI: 0.79-3.64) and having no provision of insurance (OR=2.88, CI: 0.97-8.55). The likelihood of need of help for daily activities is found higher among elderly who stopped working completely (OR=4.38, CI:1.46-3.34). The likelihood of seeking help for daily activity is significantly higher among elderly who do not involve in vigorous and moderate intensity activity and need of such help is observed highest among elderly who does not have capacity of grazing animals, putting grass and collecting dung. Daily activity of elderly people is the major symbol of active and successful ageing so it is most essential to promote the activity of daily living by ensuring and enhancing the aforementioned aspects.

Scope of Proactive Public Information Disclosure in Advancing Nepalese Local Governance

2024-03-14T09:32:58+00:00

Proactive disclosure is a tool that organizations, especially government agencies and public institutions, use to voluntarily provide information to the public without the need for formal requests. It is taken as a fundamental right of the citizen and the heart of democracy, which ensures transparency, accountability, and open government by making information accessible to the public. Proactive disclosure is a very important provision of the Right to information (RTI) Act of 2007 that obligates the government to inform citizens regarding its daily activities, decisions, performance, and budget details proactively or on the request of citizens. Beneficiaries, governments' bodies, and experts and facilitators of RTI shall equally have the responsibility to seek, receive, and impart information that is protected by the government. The main purpose of the paper is to determine the scope of proactive disclosure of public information in advancing transparency and accountability of local governance and examine the practices of proactive disclosure of public information from the perspective of RTI Act implementation in Nepal. It has employed purposive sampling for data collection when primary data were collected in the form of information disseminated on the websites of four local bodies and secondary data from various books, journals, reports, etc. This is a really important since it has contributed to local governance being transparent and accountable towards citizens and public service delivery.

The Link between Water Scarcity and Forced Migration: An In-depth Analysis of Chaubise Rural Municipality Ward No 3 and 4, Dhankuta District

2024-03-14T09:39:06+00:00

Using inductive and deductive methodologies, this study uses a mixed-method research design to examine migration patterns in Chaubise Rural Municipality Wards No. 3 and 4, Dhankuta District. A thorough study was built using quantitative data that was gathered using structured questionnaires and qualitative information. The study reveals a noteworthy occurrence of permanent migration, primarily driven by economic development, increased work opportunities, restricted access to clean water, and conflicts between people and wildlife. Economic expansion and better job chances stand out among these elements as the main inducers of migration. Access to drinking water is still a critical issue, although it is a secondary element due to communities' historical rejection of piped drinking water services and related levies.

Efforts of Nepal's Least Developed Countries (LDC) Graduation and Its Challenges

2024-03-14T09:45:09+00:00

The primary objectives of this study are to examine the initiatives undertaken by the government of Nepal for LDC graduation, identify challenges faced during process, and discuss the potential impact of graduation. This study is based on qualitative analysis of secondary data obtained from diverse domestic and international sources. Major sources include literature reviews, government policies, reports, and international declarations. Comprehensive desk review on the issue shows that Nepal has undertaken a strategic plan for LDC graduation, prioritizing investments in human capital, infrastructure, and healthcare, while addressing income disparities. Nepal has already achieved two requirements; HAI and EVI, and Nepal fell significantly short of the LDC graduation threshold of a per capita GNI. The plan includes achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and progressing from a lower-middle income to an upper-middle-income nation by 2030.Despite progress, Nepal faces challenges in achieving graduation, including political instability, governance issues, and environmental vulnerabilities. The country lags in good governance rankings, which could hinder its development efforts. Nepal's commitment to SDGs is seen as a potential driver for LDC graduation, focusing on sustainability, gender equality, clean energy, job creation, and economic development. Nepal aims to become a high-income country by 2043, emphasizing poverty reduction, trade balance improvement, and overall quality of life enhancement. Leaving the LDC category will bring opportunities but also challenges, including the loss of special market access that was provided to the least developed countries like Nepal. Other challenges may involve growing trade and market capacity and strengthening the global competitiveness of internal production. Internally, intersectional variations of inequalities and poverty among and between regions, castes and ethnic groups in Nepal may generate challenges meeting LDC graduations and its sustainability.

Economic Empowerment of Dalits through I/NGOs

2024-03-14T09:51:40+00:00

Empowerment is generally understood as raising people's present status by providing various means such as knowledge, skills, and resources. Currently, in Nepal, various I/NGOs are working in the field of political, social, and economic empowerment of poor and disadvantaged people through different programs and plans. International donors and the government working towards poverty alleviation have tended to give priority to Dalits because they are one of the poorest and most backward groups in Nepal. On one hand, Dalits' issues of development are being talked about by all sectors of Nepal, but their poverty rate is double the national average. Therefore, this study examined whether Dalit-focused development interventions lead to economic development. The findings of this study revealed the fact that everyone has experienced a change compared to the past, but it is very hard to determine the sole change maker. Also, the projects and programs have often had no meaningful participation from Dalits. Despite the widespread use of the term Dalit in the field of development, not a single project targeting Dalits is in operation. This fact indicates that the economic empowerment of Dalits is in only slogans and in the progress reports of the organizations rather than in a real sense. On the one hand, there is politics in the name of Dalit inclusion, and on the other hand, they are unable to prosper in their life from the support. The majority of Dalits' situations are almost the same in as the past whereas the majority of non-Dalits bring comprehensive change in their life. If this situation continues to lead to a huge socio-economic gap between Dalits and non-Dalits will be perilous for the future.

गणतन्त्र नेपालको स्थापनामा संसद र मिडियाको योगदान

2024-03-14T09:57:51+00:00

प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानात्मक लेख नेपालमा गणतन्त्र स्थापनाका पक्षमा जनमत बनाउन संसद र मिडियाले गरेको योगदानमा केन्द्रित छ । २०५८ जेठ १९ गतेको दरवार हत्याकाण्डमा राजा वीरेन्द्रको वंशनाश भएपछि गद्दीको उत्तराधिकारी बनेका राजा ज्ञानेन्द्रले संविधान मिचेर २०६१ माघ १९ गते प्रधानमन्त्री शेरबहादुर देउवालाई वर्खास्त गरी आफ्नै अध्यक्षतामा मन्त्रिमण्डल गठन गर्नु, मिडियामा सैन्य सेन्सरसीप लगाउनु, एकद्वार विज्ञापन नीतिका नाममा आर्थिक नाकाबन्दी लगाएर स्वतन्त्र सञ्चार माध्यमलाई आफै बन्द हुने अवस्थामा पु¥याउन खोज्नु, शाही कदमको विरोधमा लेख्ने पत्रकारलाई पक्राउ गर्नु जस्ता कारण नेपाली मिडियाले राजा र राजपरिवारका नकारात्मक पक्षलाई बढी महŒव र प्राथमिकताका दियो । जनअधिकार खोसेर दरवारलाई बलियो बनाउने राजाको कदमले सात संसदवादी दल र विद्रोही दुवै शक्तिलाई १२ बुँदे सहमित गरी राजतन्त्र विरुद्ध सङ्घर्ष गर्ने विन्दुमा पुर्याई दियो । त्यही सहमतिको बलमा ‘निरंकुश राजतन्त्रको अन्त्य र पूर्ण प्रजातन्त्रको स्थापना’ का लागि सुरु भएको २०६२–२०६३ को जनआन्दोलनमा गणतन्त्रको मुद्दा जोडतोडका साथ उठ्यो । राजाबाट पटक पटक प्रजातन्त्र अपरहण भएकाले राजतन्त्र रहँदासम्म प्रजातन्त्र सुरक्षित रहन सक्दैन भनेर जनताले सडकबाट उठाएको आवाजलाई उच्च प्राथमिकताका साथ समाचार, विचार र सम्पादकीयमा स्थान दिँदै नेपाली मिडियाले राजालाई विष्णुको अवतार मान्ने नेपाली समाजमा राजतन्त्र नभए पनि देश चल्न सक्छ भन्ने जनमत निर्माणमा योगदान गर्यो । आन्दोलन गणतन्त्रउन्मुख भएपछि राजा संसद पुनर्स्थापना गर्न बाध्य भए । पुनस्र्थापित संसदले क्रमशः राजाका राजनीतिक र सांस्कृतिक अधिकार कटौती गर्दै गणतन्त्रको आधार बनाउँदै गयो । त्यही बेला नेपाली प्रेसले राजतन्त्र रहँदासम्म प्रेस स्वतन्त्रता र नागरिक अधिकारको रक्षा हुन नसक्ने ठहर गर्दै गणतन्त्रमा जानुको विकल्प छैन भन्ने सन्देश प्रवाह गर्यो । यो लेख पुनर्स्थापित संसदबाट राजाका अधिकार कटौती गर्दै २०६५ जेठ १५ गते संविधानसभाको पहिलो बैठकबाट गणतन्त्र कार्यान्वयन गर्दासम्मको कालखण्डमा संसद र नेपाली मिडियाले गरेको योगदानमा केन्द्रित छ ।

युट्युबको लोकप्रियतासँगै पत्रकारिता क्षेत्रमा पेसागत मर्यादा बचाउने चुनौती

2024-03-14T10:18:54+00:00

आमजनताका बिचमा मूलधारका सञ्चार माध्यमहरूभन्दा युट्युब च्यानल लोकप्रिय हुनुको कारण र केही युट्युब च्यानलमा देखिएका अनपेक्षित सूचना प्रवाहको अध्ययन विश्लेषण गर्नु यस लेखको मूल उद्देश्य रहेको छ । समीक्षात्मक टिप्पणी, विषवस्तु समीक्षा र सर्वेक्षणले निकालेको नतिजामा आधारित यो लेखले नेपालमा लकडाउनका बेलामा वा त्यस आसपास केही युट्युब च्यानलमा प्रसारित विषयवस्तुको अध्ययन–विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । जसमा फरक फरक च्यानलमा प्रसारित मुख्य ५ वटा ‘कन्टेन्ट’ हेरिएको छ । त्यसका साथै पत्रकारिता विषयमा अध्ययन गरिरहेका प्लस टु तहका विद्यार्थीहरूबीच सर्भे गरिएको छ । युट्युमा प्रसारित सूचना, समाचार, विज्ञापन र अन्य कन्टेन्टका आधारमा ती च्यानलहरूको भूमिकालाई व्याख्या तथा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यस बाहेक केही सञ्चार विज्ञहरूसँगको कुराकानीलाई पनि आधार मानिएको छ । मूलतः पुस्तकालयीय अध्ययन विधि अपनाइएको छ । यी विधिहरूमार्फत सूचना प्रवाहमा युट्युबाट प्रसारण गरिएको कतिपय प्रवृत्तिलाई विज्ञसँगको धारणा, मिडियाका सिद्धान्त र यही विषयमा भएका विभिन्न अध्ययनका आधारमा तथ्यपरक बनाउने प्रयास गरिएको छ ।पछिल्ला दिनमा अखबारी प्रकाशनहरू ‘डिजिटलाइजेसन’ हुँदै मल्टीमिडियाको बढोत्तरी भएको सन्दर्भमा त्यसले समस्या पनि उत्तिकै भिœयाएको देखिन्छ । नेपाली पत्रकारिता बजारमा पनि सशक्त र प्रभावकारी माध्यममका रूपमा युट्युब ‘प्लेटफर्म ’ प्रभावकारी बन्दै आइरहेको छ । तर केही युट्युबरहरूका गल्तीका कारण सम्पूर्ण पत्रकारिता क्षेत्रलाई प्रदूषित र बदनाम पार्ने काम भने तिनै युट्युबकर्मीबाट भएको देखिन्छ । छापा प्रकाशन ओरालो लागेसँगै पत्रकारिता क्षेत्र पनि आपूmलाई समयअनुसार परिवर्तन गरेर अघि बढ्ने कि बन्द भएर रहने भन्ने दोसाँधमा छन् । युट्युब सञ्चार माध्यमको प्रभावकारिता त बढेको छ नै, सँगै विकृति र विसङ्गतिको डङ्गुर भित्रिएर समग्र पत्रकारिता क्षेत्रमा थप चुनौतीहरू देखापरेको पाइन्छ । तसर्थ युट्युब प्लेटफर्मको अनियन्त्रित र असम्पादित सामग्रीका कारण नेपालको समग्र पत्रकारिता क्षेत्र बदनाम छ । यसलाई थप बदनाम बनाएर राज्यको चौँथो अङ्गको औचित्य र प्रभावकारितामा प्रश्नचिन्ह उठाउने ठाउँ नदिनु नै अहिलेको सन्दर्भमा सबैको दायित्व हो ।

रमेश विकलका बालनाटकमा नीतिचेतना

2024-03-14T10:28:59+00:00

प्रस्तुत लेखको शीर्षक रमेश विकलका बालनाटकमा नीतिचेतना रहेको छ । रमेश विकल नेपाली साहित्यका विशिष्ट प्रतिभा हुन् । उनले नेपाली साहित्यका विविध विधामा उच्च योगदान गरेका छन् । उनले नेपाली बालसाहित्यका खास गरी कथा र नाटकका क्षेत्रमा महत्त्वपूर्ण योगदान गरेका छन् । उनको ‘सात थुँगा’ बालएकाङ्की सङ्ग्रह अहिलेसम्मको तथ्याङ्कअनुसार बालनाटकको इतिहासमै पहिलो पुस्तकाकार कृति हो । यिनको विषय चयन, पात्रको छनोट, परिवेश, संवादको संयोजन के कस्तो छ ? यो समस्याको समाधान खोजी गरी प्राज्ञिक निष्कर्ष निकाल्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । विवेच्य विषयको मुख्य सामग्री बालनाटककार रमेश विकलका ३ ओटा बालएकाङ्की सङ्ग्रहहरूमा सङ्कलित १९ ओटा एकाङ्कीहरू रहेका छन् । यीमध्ये कुन–कुनमा करुण–चेतना, समता, उत्साह र कर्तव्य चेतनाको सम्प्रेषण के कसरी भएको छ त्यसको अध्ययन गरी विशेषता बताउनु यसको औचित्य हो । द्वितीयक सामग्रीका रूपमा बालनाटक र नेपाली बालनाटकको परिचय तथा विकाससम्बन्धी सूचना दिने ग्रन्थहरूको उपयोग गरिएको छ । नीतिचेतनासम्बन्धी सङ्क्षिप्तमा तयार गरिएको मानकअनुसार नाटकहरूको विश्लेषण गरी प्राज्ञिक निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।

Celebrating Diversity : Inclusive Scholarship in the Humanities and Social Sciences

2024-03-13T09:31:46+00:00

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