A study of vasospasm in traumatic brain injury with subarachnoid hemorrhage

Authors

  • Shyam Babu Prasad L.S. Neuro and General Hospital, Birgunj, Nepal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6267-6992
  • Suresh Bishokarma Upendra Devkota Memorial-National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences, Kathmandu
  • Sagar Koirala Upendra Devkota Memorial-National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences, Kathmandu
  • Dinesh Nath Gongal Upendra Devkota Memorial-National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences, Kathmandu

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3126/jbsfn.v2i1.39012

Keywords:

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, Traumatic brain injury, Intracranial vasospasm, Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Abstract

 Introduction: Cerebral vasospasm (CV) is common following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, its impact on neurological outcome, especially in head trauma, has not been yet elucidated. Controversy exists about the true relationship between TBI, SAH and Traumatic Vasospasm. Hence, this study aims to determine the association of vasospasm in TBI with SAH.

Methods: This is Observational cross-sectional study with 124 head injury patients. 31 patients were excluded. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) was conducted on daily bases in all patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Vasospasm in the MCA and ACA was defined by a mean Flow velocity (FV) exceeding 120 cm/s and three times the mean FV of the ipsilateral ICA.

Results: Among 93 included patients, 72 (77%) were male and 21 (23%) were female. Mean age was (35+10) years. Mean GCS score was (11+4.1). 61 (66%) patients suffered with severe head injury. Vasospasm was detected in 45 % (42) of the total patients. Vasospasm was severe among 4.3% (4 patients), and moderate among 65.6% (61 patients). Association was found between severity of trauma and the severity of vasospasm in MCA (r= 0.41 and 0.38, p value< 0.005) and in ACA (r =0.25, p value < 0.005). The presence of SAH is highly correlated with an amplified incidence of vasospasm. The patients who developed vasospasm, 55% (23) had SAH whereas 45% (19) didn’t have SAH, the corresponding p value is 0.04 which is significant.

Conclusion: The high incidence of vasospasm is associated with SAH in severe TBI patients. Further studies are recommended to determine predictors of vasospasm in TBI patients with SAH.

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Author Biographies

Shyam Babu Prasad, L.S. Neuro and General Hospital, Birgunj, Nepal

Consultant Neurosurgeon

Suresh Bishokarma, Upendra Devkota Memorial-National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences, Kathmandu

Lecturer

Sagar Koirala, Upendra Devkota Memorial-National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences, Kathmandu

Lecturer

Dinesh Nath Gongal, Upendra Devkota Memorial-National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences, Kathmandu

Director of academics

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Published

2021-08-10

How to Cite

Prasad, S. B., Bishokarma, S., Koirala, S., & Gongal, D. N. (2021). A study of vasospasm in traumatic brain injury with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Journal of Brain and Spine Foundation Nepal, 2(1), 19–23. https://doi.org/10.3126/jbsfn.v2i1.39012

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Section

Original Articles