Journal of Kathmandu BernHardt College

Public Spending and Economic Growth: A Study of Nepal During Fiscal Year 1990/91-2020/21

Sahadev Sigdel — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This paper investigates the connection between government spending and economic growth: A study of Nepal from F/Y 1990/1991 to 2020/2021. During the study period, Nepal's government spending increased significantly. The trend of government spending in Nepal seems to be centered on routine expenses and continually expanding the country's budget deficit. Nepali government has traditionally used its potential for government expenditures less efficiently, as evidenced by the data. The budget imbalance of Nepal has been growing in line with the country's developing economy. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect, trend, and relationship between government spending and economic growth using conventional ECM. Both descriptive and analytical research techniques have worked well with secondary data. The study's findings show that government spending had a significant impact on Nepal's economic growth during the study period, and they emphasize the need for increased capital expenditure mobilization for the expansion of development activities in an accountable manner. EA is not statistically significant on 1%, 5% and 10% levels. All the other variables are statistically significant at 1 percent level respectively. Except for EH, other variables are a positive relationship with economic growth.

Relation between Liquidity and Profitability of Nabil Bank and Everest Bank Limited

Madhu Rijal — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to examine the relationship between liquidity and profitability, focusing on two prominent commercial banks in Nepal: NABIL Bank Limited and Everest Bank Limited (EBL). The study utilizes correlation and regression analyses to investigate the impact of liquidity on the profitability of these two banks. The main findings of the study are derived from the analysis of financial data. The study employs a quantitative research approach, utilizing financial data from both banks over a ten-year period (i.e., 2012/13 to 2021/22). Various liquidity and profitability ratios, including credit to total deposit ratio, cash and bank balance to total deposit ratio, total liquid fund to total deposit ratio, a total liquid fund to current liabilities ratio, asset quality ratio and return on assets, are calculated and analyzed. Findings reveal that while there is no significant relationship between certain liquidity ratios and profitability, the cash and bank balance to total deposit ratio (CABTDR) positively influences profitability for NABIL. Additionally, the total liquid fund to total deposit ratio (LFTDR) and total liquid fund to current liabilities ratio (LFTCLR) negatively impact profitability in both banks. The study emphasizes the importance of maintaining optimal liquidity levels and improving asset quality to enhance profitability. Overall, liquidity's influence on profitability is relatively weaker compared to asset quality.

Comparative Study on Deposit Mobilization of Nepal Bank Limited and Sanima Bank Limited

Manisha Shrestha, Rameshower Aryal — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This study focuses on and compared the deposit mobilization condition of Nepal Bank Limited (NBL) and Sanima Bank Limited (SBL). Taking sample the two banks as a sample, this study tries to find the effects of profitability and loan and advance on deposit mobilization from the secondary data 2011 to 2020. The study's findings indicate that the return on assets and earnings per share have a significant and positive impact on the profitability performance of sample banks.

Ecopreneurship: A Sustainable Model As Entrepreneurship Education For Transformation

Narayan Shrestha, Madhu Rijal — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Ecopreneurship is the process of using entrepreneurial skills and innovation to create sustainable solutions for environmental and social issues. It is a way to foster economic growth and peace through sustainable practices. Ecopreneurship can be used to promote sustainable development, alleviate poverty, and create employment opportunities. Ecopreneurship is a combination of two words ‘ecological (eco)’and ‘entrepreneurship’. Entrepreneurship is a part of the economy that is demanded in modern open economies. Structural changes in society are needed for the creation of entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship and more, particularly ecopreneurship, are essential to drive the sustainable transitions needed in educational sectors. Existing pedagogic frameworks should address these academic disciplines and they should be embedded in the educational curricula. The aim of this conceptual paper is to consider pedagogic and program design. This makes this paper of particular interest for academia, educational policymakers and education industry support sectors alike. An existing university that has both a student enterprise and ecopreneurship program and an established educational business incubator and accelerator is used as a case study to provide insight into how progress from ideation to commercialization can be more readily supported in a university setting. From a pedagogical perspective, it helps to develop new conceptual, methodological, and theoretically underpinned spiral pedagogies to teach and support colleges and universities as to how to exploit and take advantage of entrepreneurial and ecopreneur business opportunities. Ecopreneurship relates to environmentally friendly ways of doing business through school education systems.

Corporate Board Size and Its Impact on Firm Performance: An Empirical Study on Commercial Banks

Padam Dongol — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the corporate board size and its impact on the firm performance. This study identifies the banks with directors less than seven on the board and directors equal to or more than seven, based on eight years of data taken from 2013 to 2020 of Nepalese commercial banks. The study covers 27 banks as sample banks for the study. The Return on equity and Return on assets measures the firm performance. Corporate board size and firm performance are measured by using the Independent Sample t-test. The finding of results demonstrates that banks with less than seven directors on the board and banks with equal to or more than seven directors on the board have yet to find a significant impact on the firm performance of the commercial banks.

Financial Performance of Life Insurance Companies of Nepal

Purushotam Bista — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of life insurance companies in Nepal and examine the effect of operating efficiency on solvency margin position and operating profit margin of selected life insurance companies have been analyzed. The study revealed that a mixed result in terms of the degree of effect of financial performance on the operating efficiency. There are both significant and insignificant effects of solvency margin and operating profit on operating efficiency of both sample insurance company. There are still major hurdles to overcome in order for Nepal to realize the growth potential of its insurance industry. Research could be conducted on the growth in the written premiums accounted by insures. The design and methods were applied according to the research type which is descriptive analysis. The data was extracted from annual reports and Nepal Beema Sasthan office. The findings were completely based on the data and facts. Secondary data were collected for analysis from 2010/11 to 2020/21 to find the financial performance, descriptive and causal-comparative research designs was employed for analysis secondary data. Different statistical tools like; standard deviation, correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, etc. and financial tools like ratio analysis, solvency ratio, earning per share, total assets, return on assets, insurance premium were used to evaluate the secondary data obtained from secondary sources. The findings of the research have shown the overall calculated financial ratios are good enough for better financial performance of selected life insurance companies in Nepal.

Impact on Dividend Payout Analysis between Nepal Bank Limited, Rastriya Banijya Bank Limited and Agricultural Development Bank Limited

Rameshower Aryal — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This study entitles, “Factors Analysis on Dividend Payout of Nepal Bank Limited, Rastriya Banijya Bank Limited and Agricultural Development Bank Limited” focused on quantities paid are decided on the company's performance analysis of Nepal Bank Limited (NBL), Rastriya Banijya Bank Limited (RBB) and Agricultural Development Bank Limited (ADB) taking three sample banks. This study focused to find the effects of different factors and on its dividend payout taking secondary data from 2012/13 to 2021/22. The study’s finding indicate that larger corporations may afford to pay bigger dividends because of their greater financial strength. Also the profitability ratio, company size, and leverage ratio all have a negative correlation with the dividend payout ratio and as the bank's size grows, the dividend distribution will be reduced and increases in net income have a positive impact on dividend payments, meaning that higher payments will be made when growth is strong.

Consumer Attitude Toward Online Shopping in Lalitpur Valley

Ranu Shrestha — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

The study focuses on consumer attitudes towards online shopping inside Lalitpur Valley. The study used 150 sample sizes through convenience and random sampling methods. The objectives of the study have to examine the factors affecting on consumer attitudes towards online shopping as well as to identify the effect of comfort, cost and security on dependent variables of consumer attitudes toward online shopping. The conceptual framework has used independent variables i.e., comfort, cost, security and dependent variables consumer attitudes toward online shopping. The finding of the study has expressed that cost has the highest mean among three variables whereas inferential statical tools i.e., correlation regression has expressed that comfort, cost and security have positively correlated with dependent variables.

A Comparative Analysis of Credit Performance Between Nabil Bank Limited and Nepal Bank Lim

Purushotam Bista, Sahadev Sigdel — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This study conducts a comprehensive comparison of the credit performance of NABIL Bank Limited and Nepal Bank Limited, with a focus on analyzing the impact of specific credit variables on their profitability. The research uses financial instruments to enhance the effectiveness and educational value of the investigation. Through descriptive and analytical research, the study examines how credit-specific factors influence the profitability of both banks. The study utilizes various quantitative factors, including Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Loan and Advance to Total Deposit, Loan Loss Provision to Loan and Advance, Non-Performing Loan to Loan and Advance (NPLLA), and Loan Loss Provision to Non-Performing Loan (LLPNPL). It employs correlation and linear multiple regression analysis on secondary data spanning a ten-year period from 2010/11 to 2019/20. The significance of these relationships is tested at a 95% level of significance. The findings reveal that the variables used in the study are more effective in explaining the ROA for NABIL Bank Limited compared to Nepal Bank Limited, as indicated by the higher R2 value for NABIL Bank Limited. Notably, NPLA and LLPNPL have the most positive impact on NABIL Bank Limited's ROA, even though they are statistically insignificant at the 5% level. Conversely, LLPLA and LLPNPL have the most negative impact on the profitability of Nepal Bank Limited, but they also show insignificance at the 5% level of significance.

Gothic Sublime in Robert Louis Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde

Bivek Ghimire — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This research work is an attempt to prove Robert Louis Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde as a Gothic novel. It answers the question: why does the writer use the elements of Gothic in the text? Stevenson applies the Gothic to invoke the sublime thereby exploring possible plurality of human consciousness as well as the dual nature of late Victorian society. The research comes across the fact that two distinct personalities inhabit the same self. This thesis establishes Stevenson’s chosen work as an urban Gothic novella which adds new dimension to the existing research on the author’s literary works. It uses Gothic Aesthetics as theoretical tool drawing on concepts from Edmund Burke’s ‘sublime’ from his classic aesthetic philosophical discourse titled Philosophical Inquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the sublime and beautiful. The application of Gothic Aesthetics aids to explore Victorian Romantic horrors and reveal the real intention of the author.