Janabhawana Research Journal

Editorial Vol.2(1)

Prakash Chandra Bhattarai — 2023-10-12

No abstract available.

Public Participation in Needs Identification and Prioritization at Local Level Annual Plan: Experiences from Kirtipur Municipality, Kathmandu

Bhaba Datta Sapkota — 2023-10-12

The aim of this paper was to examine the preferences of people in needs identification at the ward level annual plan, and to enable the participants in the ward level planning process. The focus area of the study was Kirtipur Municipality ward no 8. The research followed a qualitative method characterized by workshops and mock session methods considering the constructivist standpoint. The words form of data was converted into tabulated form and interpreted accordingly. More than 100 stakeholders participated in the three days long workshops and mock sessions continuously for primary data. As per the policy provision, community people have no access in ordering except needs/programs identification is considered as big policy deficiency. This study found that all the decisive roles have been done by the government officials and hired consultants. The findings of this research suggest that community people’s voices and, more intensively, their ideas must be incorporated while setting the priority orders by training and awareness. The findings suggest that political representatives and government officials must enhance their personal and institutional capacity in relation to understanding the overall planning process. To address the existing policy deficiency, people's participation in every stage of planning is the best way of sustainability in planning and becomes the good benchmarks for theoretical and applied contribution.

Dimension of Governance on Microfinance Institutions in South Asian Countries (A Cross Country Study of Nepal and Bangladesh)

Basu Dev Lamichhane — 2023-10-12

This research aims to empower Nepalese and Bangladeshi microfinance institutions (MFIs) to strengthen their microfinance governance. By contrasting the governance structures of MFIs in Bangladesh and Nepal, the study focuses on the corporate governance aspect of MFIs for sustainability. This study adopted an interpretive methodology and a qualitative research design. Internal control, timely internal audit, proper rules and regulations, institutional culture, full compliance with rules and regulations, budget and annual plan review, financial transparency, and board literacy education are the main dimension of corporate governance, broadly influencing MFIs for sustainability. The study found sustainability of MFIs is affected by proper guidelines for operation, effective internal control mechanisms, professional management, board literacy education, financial transparency, the rule of law in operation, institutional culture, and review of budget and achievement. The findings of the study might be applicable to the BFIs, MFIs, regulatory authorities, economist, HR analyst, and planners.

Cross Section of Stock Returns in Nepal

Vishal Joshi — 2023-10-12

This paper investigates the significant firm-specific factors that explain the variation in cross section returns of non-financial firms listed in Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE). Firm size, book to market equity ratio, debt equity ratio, earning yield, cash flow yield and dividend yield have been tested to find out explanatory power on explaining variation in cross-section returns of non-financial firms. A total of 14non-financial firms has been selected for this research. Among them, 6 were hydropower companies, 3 were manufacturing companies, 2 were tourism companies and 1 was from another sector. Judgmental sampling design is implemented for sampling procedure. Sampling frame and daily stock prices are obtained from official website of NEPSE. Firm-specific accounting data is collected from annual reports of listed companies. Descriptive, correlational, and analytical research designs are used to explore the research question. A multiple linear regression model was used for data analysis and it was found that only cash flow yield and dividend yield are found to be significant predictors explaining the variation in cross-section returns of non-financial firms listed in NEPSE. Other variables such as firm size, book to market equity ratio, debt equity ratio and earning yield are found to be insignificant variables to explain variation in cross-section returns

Teaching Real Analysis in Teacher Preparation Program through Content Bridging Strategy

Deb Bahadur Chhetri — 2023-10-12

This study aims to investigate the impact of content bridging, based on the ARCS Model of Instructional Design, on student motivation in learning Real analysis within a teacher preparation program at the bachelor's level. The strategy aims to establish connections between Real analysis and secondary-level mathematics, emphasizing the relevance and applicability of the subject. The study employed a participatory action research approach, employing content bridging and observing the students' behaviour during the instruction to study the change. The results indicate remarkable improvements in student behaviour, engagement, and active participation. Students exhibited increased motivation, completed assigned work, posed thoughtful questions, and demonstrated enthusiasm during class. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the content bridging in enhancing student motivation and understanding of Real analysis within the context of teacher preparation programs.

COVID 19 in the Life of Hard of Hearing Students

Narayani Thakuri — 2023-10-12

The sudden and massive changes in the education system during COVID-19 and the introduction of online education have negatively affected hard-of-hearing students' access to quality education. The pandemic situation worsened learning achievement and posed challenges to the students with hearing disabilities. With this consideration, a study was carried out to understand the students’ experience of taking online classes especially where they not only suffered from the fluctuation of the internet but also from their ringing ears caused by their tinnitus. The study applied the case study method with hard-of-hearing students to investigate the reasons influencing education during online classes during COVID-19. The collected data were thematized, analyzed and interpreted. The study findings demonstrated that the education system failed to consider the difficulties that students with hearing loss encountered in their learning leaving many teachers unaware of the issues that hard-of-hearing students face during online classes. The study concludes that online learning was not useful for the students with hard of hearing.

Impact of Mobile Telecommunication Access on Porters' Living Standard: A Study based on Street Porters in Kathmandu City

Sabin Shrestha — 2023-10-12

This paper examines how telecommunication access has affected the living standard of street porters and what are their mobile telecom service usage. The study used income, expenditure, saving, and factors affecting these variables to assess the change in living standard of street porters. The study used descriptive and explorative research design with a before-after approach. Primary data obtained from 440 street porters using purposive random sampling method was used. Both telephone questionnaire and interview schedule consisting comprehensive 54 items were administered. The tools of analysis used were descriptive statistics and inferential parametric (t- test, paired t- test) and non-parametric statistics (McNemar test). The study found that street porters use voice service mainly to talk to family and to take load orders. More than half of the sample (56%) were found to use less than 5 minutes call per day on average with 5 to 10 call counts for load per day. The study also found that mobile communication access has increased the income per day, expenditure per day and monthly saving of street porters. Further, the study also found mobile communication has enhanced the income generating factors like efficiency of street porters, bargaining power, market exploration and reduction in travel and search cost. Based on the analysis of income and expenditure, the study concluded that mobile communication access has improved the living standard of street porters.

'Catastrophic Experience' of Structural Violence in Sadat Hasan Manto’s “Toba Tek Singh”

Shiva Raj Sanjel — 2023-10-12

This paper aims to analyze, interpret, and examine the impact of structural violence in Sadat Hasan Manto’s story “Toba Tek Singh”. It particularly stresses the form of violence in which social structure or social institution harms the major character Bishan Singh by preventing him from meeting his basic needs of life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. The political decisions forced him to leave the nation where he lived before. He was deprived of his rights to preserve his nationality and pursuit of happiness. This paper also explores how Bishan gets inflicted by the decisions imposed by the rules in the name of democracy and people’s aspiration; and traumatizes the people of his strata. Further, it exposes the patriotic feeling of the homeland and brotherhood relationship within the same territory. For this, the concept of trauma theory was employed to explore how the people suffered from the decisions of the nations and felt pain when the intense desire of the common people was suppressed and forced to abide by the unwise decisions. This article argues that Manto uses the setting of the mental asylum to show the structural violence that is inherent in the social, political, and economic systems of the newly formed nations of India and Pakistan. The study, thus, contributes to the readers to understand multidimensional impacts of structural violence and enforces the rulers to rethink their prudent decisions in the law-making process.

Social Media: A Neo Form of Learning Platform

Nirmal Neupane — 2023-10-12

“Can social media be considered a neo-form of learning platform for students in this globalized digital world?" Social media is not only used for communication and entertainment purposes but is also highly popular among students for collaboration and learning purposes. This paper aims to explore how social media has evolved into a neo-form of learning platform, enabling students to acquire diverse knowledge to enhance their academic and professional careers. The primary source for this exploration is a review of existing literature, supplemented by personal experiences and relevant examples to support the claim. The discussion on why social media serves as a beneficial learning platform revolves around four major themes: its student-centric learning approach, its ability to enhance personal learning environments, its promotion of flexible and inclusive learning, and its role as a milestone for information and communication in academics and professional careers. In conclusion, the analysis confirms that social media is indeed becoming an effective neo-learning platform for students.