Practices and Achievements of Local Governments in the Conservation of Buddhist Heritage and Culture

Abstract

Lumbini Province, the birthplace of Buddhist civilization, is the historic region from which Buddhist heritage and culture emerged and spread across the world. The ancient Shakya-era republics of Kapilavastu and Koliyan flourished here, leaving behind numerous sites associated with the life of the Buddha. Lumbini, as the Buddha’s birthplace, and Kapilavastu, his capital, have received sustained national and international support and are being developed under structured master plans. Alongside these efforts, the provincial government has taken active steps to promote and preserve the Buddhist heritage of Lumbini, Kapilavastu, and Ramgram. Since the advent of federalism, local governments have shown growing commitment to conserving and promoting Buddhist heritage, recognizing its role in shaping local identity and its potential for tourism development. They have also initiated collaboration with provincial, and, federal government, and international organizations to strengthen heritage conservation and Buddhist education. This article analyses the work being done by various municipalities in Lumbini Province in the field of Buddhist heritage and culture conservation and promotion, highlighting the challenges they face. It helps stakeholders working in the field of Buddhist heritage and culture to coordinate their efforts, contribute to the revival of Buddhist civilization, and provide a roadmap for the development of Buddhist heritage tourism.