Utilization of Wild Edible Fruits Available in Shreenagar Hill for Food Security and Income Generation

Abstract

This study investigates the significance and utilization of wild edible fruits by local communities, emphasizing their dietary, medicinal, and economic roles. Data were collected through repeated field visits, interviews, and questionnaires with 78 local residents, complemented by secondary sources such as previous studies, journals, and books. A total of 21 species of wild edible fruit plants belonging to 14 families and 19 genera were identified. Among the surveyed households, 68 utilized wild fruits, while only 8 engaged in their commercial sale. The majority of collectors were aged between 30 and 50 years. Rosaceae emerged as the dominant family, and trees represented the prevalent life form among the documented species. All fruits were consumed fresh, whereas several species were also processed into pickles, juices, or dried forms. Ten species held notable medicinal value, being traditionally used to treat various ailments, and six species had economic significance, contributing to local income generation. Despite their ecological and socioeconomic importance, wild fruit species face increasing threats from population pressure, forest fires, overexploitation, illegal logging, and changing climatic conditions. The study highlights the urgent need for conservation measures, community awareness, and sustainable management practices. It recommends that local governments and forest authorities have to develop strategic plans and policies to protect and promote wild edible fruits. Furthermore, both local residents and visitors must adhere to conservation guidelines to ensure the long-term preservation and sustainable use of these valuable plant resources.