Southwestern Research Journal

Risks and Impacts of Labor Influx in Road Construction in Nepal: Study from Human Security Perspective

2024-01-26T11:51:02+00:00

This study attempts to explore the impacts of labour influx related to road construction in Nepal with particular attention to the local community. The study is based on consultation and focus group discussions with laborers and people living in local communities that hosted the project and additional key informant interviews with road project staffs, local leaders of major political parties, schoolteachers, local service providers such as police officers, medical workers, and others. The study concludes that influx of laborers have both positive and negative impacts on local community. Adequate monitoring and adaptive management of likely adverse impacts from labor influx are keys to properly addressing them and mitigating risks. This study identifies the way forward and instruments to prepare and implement in reducing labor influx for preventing the threats of human security of local community along the road alignment.

Indigenous Knowledge on Health and Use of Herbal Plants as Domestic: A Case Study of Illiterate an Indigenous Caste ‘Bankariya’

2024-01-26T12:00:07+00:00

This study has aim to explore the indigenous knowledge of Bankariyas on health and herbal use practice as domestic cure along with socio-cultural characteristics. Nepal, however, is known economically poor but richer in natural resources like herbal plants. Before emerging of advanced technology of medical science in Nepal, almost Nepalese people were under treatment with medicinal plants. Such domestic treatment is continued since an immense time and still in rural areas but in recent days, practice of herbal use and treatment are going to be displaced, and medicinal plants are in high risk of vanishing due to increasing urbanization, human residence, over harvesting, deforestation etc. Bankariyas are found socially, economically, and academically very poor and back ward as people of Stone Age and still believed in shamanism, god and ghost. If someone becomes sick, they do not take patient to hospital without consultation their traditional healer or shaman’s incantation. Shamans are consulate to find the sickness that what happened with sick. Because, healer keeps knowledge that what happened with sick, what kind of treatment is necessary and what herbs work for what disease and incident. According to situation shaman starts treatment either incanting with esoteric words praying deity/god or herbal treatment. Therefore, they found having sound knowledge of traditional healing. At present, such amazing treatment practice has been going to be vanishing. Hence, to keep it alive this study was conducted based on census survey to obtain socioeconomic data as quantitative and healers were consulted as homeopathic doctor as qualitative research design.

Techniques Adopted in Literary Translation of Prose: A Study of “Palpasa Café” from the Perspective of Equivalence Relation

2024-01-26T13:11:06+00:00

Purpose: This study aims to see the ‘equivalence relation’ between the source text and the target text in relation to ‘paragraph equivalence’ while translating a prose text from the source language into target language.

Methodology: The methodology of this study is document analysis. The texts are translated from Nepali into English. Nepali language is known as source language and English language is known as target language in this study. The words and sentences are counted and the difference is found in terms of percentage of the selected paragraphs; Nepali as source language and English as the target language.

Originality: This study maintains originality as a text of translation requires originality in the field of syntactic, semantic, stylistic and pragmatic aspects.

Practical Implications: This study has practical value because the work of translation transfers languages, among people as well as culture and civilization. In reality, translation has played such type of role that people have the idea of knowledge and civilization through translation.

Limitations: This research work is limited to the technique of translation from Nepali into English to show equivalence relation. The texts used are from the Narayan Wagle’s novel, “Palpasa Café” originally written into Nepali language and its translation into English language by ……?

Findings: The findings of this study show that translation techniques are main sources of education from time immemorial. The ancient Vedic, Greek and Roman civilization, which are as sources of knowledge and education, have spread from place to place through the work of translation, if it had not been so, people would remain in their primitive situation in the field of knowledge. We would not read about Homer, Plato, Kalidas and many other writers today if their works were not translated from their source / native languages into other languages such as English/ Nepali/ Hindi. However, there is no exact one-to-one limitation while translating a text from its source language to another target language.

The Impact of Social Health Insurance on Household Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditures Associated with Chronic Diseases in Sundarharaincha Municipality, Morang

2024-01-26T13:17:51+00:00

Introduction: Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) is the condition of paying for health care that exceeds a defined family income or consumption level. Households who spend CHE may have to forego the consumption of other goods essential to their well-being. Chronic diseases require ongoing and often expensive healthcare services and treatments, which can be financially devastating for households without adequate health insurance coverage. Social health insurance programs can provide financial protection and access to healthcare services for individuals and families with chronic diseases. This study aims to assess the impact of the social health insurance program on household catastrophic healthcare expenditures associated with chronic diseases in Sundarharaincha Municipality, Morang.

Method: A Retrospective Cross-sectional research design was adopted to collect the data from 424 households by cluster and probability simple random sampling technique. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed based on an intensive literature review. The investigator himself after the approval of the PUSHS- IRC (Purbanchal University School of Health Sciences Institutional review committee) collected data. Before data collection, formal permission was obtained from the Municipality office of Sundarharaincha. Written and verbal consent was obtained from each literate and illiterate household respondent respectively before the interview and observation. The findings were described in descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: The data show that various socio-demographic characteristics are associated with catastrophic healthcare expenditures. A significant impact is seen between social health insurance and catastrophic healthcare expenditures associated with chronic diseases. The majority of the respondents (93.4%) stated that health insurance protects their financial crisis from catastrophic healthcare expenditure. Most (93.7%) of the respondents who expressed reduced economic burden and others as benefits of the enrolment, were compared to health service from specialized hospitals (92.9%) among those who were protected from catastrophic healthcare expenditures by the health insurance program. Similarly, 94.7 % of the respondents said the economic burden was a problem if not enrolled in the health insurance program and 83.3 percent said tension and others as problems if not enrolled. This study also shows that 87.8 percent of the insured respondents who were protected against CHE by the health insurance program had less than 5000 NPR costs per visit (<0.001). Out of the total respondents who were protected against CHE by the health insurance program, 93.6 percent were satisfied with health insurance and 92.9 percent want to continue health insurance in the coming days.

Conclusion: By providing adequate coverage and support for households with chronic illnesses, social health insurance could significantly reduce the incidence of catastrophic healthcare expenditure, contributing to poverty reduction and improved health outcomes. Policymakers related to social health insurance program and the concerned government should implement measures to increase health insurance coverage among households having chronic diseases to reduce the burden of healthcare expenditure.

Impact of Training on Employee Performance in Nepal

2024-01-26T13:27:05+00:00

The study examines about the employers who have improved their performance after the training. The main study of this research is how training has done impact on employee performance. When we examine the effect of three sets various independent variables was taken into account and two sets of hypotheses which developed establishing relationship between these set of variables with dependent variables. 200 questionnaires were distributed among employees of several organization of Kathmandu valley and 150 have responded. The data are analyzed in statistical tools of the participants of employees. We surely know that there is positive and significant relationship between training and employee performance. It is a vital role in improving the performance of employees. We known the training regarding employee performance are conducted in various organizations. Training has influencing power on employees work commitment and performance which reinforce and implement training as root of organization to exceed goals. The study concentrates to improve employee performance that is lacking to achieve a task in an organization. It major impacts are to encourage employees to work apparently.

Policy Discourse on Electric Mobility in Nepal

2024-01-26T13:36:29+00:00

In recent years, electric vehicles have become an increasingly appealing alternative due to rising fuel prices and commitment of governments from all over the world to reduce pollution and global greenhouse gas emissions. This paper intends to explore the complex network of existing policy barriers that governments at all levels must overcome in order to develop a sustainable and long-term e-mobility strategy. The study not only examines the existing gaps but also uncovers the shortcomings in policies enacted by state and provincial governments of Nepal to promote electric mobility in the country. A lack of top-level commitment, policy coherence issues, and undefined targets for addressing EV challenges are discussed in the paper. Furthermore, this research brings in a global perspective by showcasing impressive instances from nearby countries and world leaders in this field. This analysis may offer valuable insights for policymakers aiming to enhance existing policy gaps.

Review on Kayachikitsa (Internal Medicine) as an Important Speciality in Ayurveda

2024-01-26T13:42:50+00:00

Ayurveda is an ancient science which deals with the Ayu (Life) of all human beings. Kayachikitsa is one of the most important branch/speciality among primary eight branches of Ayurveda. In Ayurveda, Kayachikitsa is such a unique branch which deals with ‘Kaya’ meaning ‘Sharira (body)/Mana (mind)/Antaragni (Digestive fire)’ and ‘Chikitsa’ meaning ‘treatment’. It deals with diseases suffering entire body and mind so, it is correlated to Internal Medicine in modern medicine. It is described as the superior branch of Astanga Ayurveda and it is given prime importance due to its wide field of application in diagnosis and treatment of various diseases affecting human beings. Kayachikitsa is a very important and leading speciality in Ayurveda. So, considering this fact, we summarize about Kayachikitsa speciality and its importance in this article.

Perception of Determinants of Psychotic Patients and Impact of Psychotic Patients on the Family of Kathmandu District in Nepal

2024-01-26T13:57:11+00:00

Perception of determinants of psychotic patients and their impacts on the family of Kathmandu district in Nepal aims at finding out the determinants in terms of biological, psychological, and sociological aspects and their impacts in terms of social, financial, emotional, and health. The theoretical method is incorporated for roughly 30 caregivers (the sample size is estimated with the Population Proportion Formula) of psychotic patients in Nepal. Nonclinical data was used for the analysis, with a survey method for quantitative data and an interview method for qualitative data. The questionnaire and interview schedule are used as study instruments. Those instruments are tested through conceptual definitions, operational definitions, design, development, statistical analysis, and thematic content analysis. The analysis of the data for objective number 1 revealed that social determinants had the highest number of occurrences, but these were actually psychosocial and biological determinants. These determinants were directly or indirectly related to psychological or emotional factors and are synchronized with the bio-psychosocial model. (B.P.S.) developed by George Libman Engel of the University of Rochester Medical Center, New York. The results of objective number 2 concluded that the emotional impacts of psychotic patients were the most prominent, followed by social, financial, and health impacts. It is clear that emotional impact comes first, followed by other impacts such as financial, social, and health. These findings will support the fresh data for the urgent need for further in-depth study of the determinants of psychotic patients and their impacts on the family.