Retinopathy of Prematurity: Incidence, Risk Factors & Outcome in North Indian Rural and Semi-urban population

Authors

  • Kamal Parihar Senior Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Subharti Medical College, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Subharti Puram, NH-58, Delhi Haridwar Bypass Road, Meerut – 25005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
  • Pradeep Kumar Gupta Assistant Professor, Head of Department, Department of Paediatrics, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Subharti Medical College, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Subharti Puram, NH-58, Delhi Haridwar Bypass Road, Meerut – 25005, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Vandana Singh Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics,Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Subharti Medical College, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Subharti Puram, NH-58, Delhi Haridwar Bypass Road, Meerut – 25005, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Sanjay Sharma Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Subharti Medical College, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Subharti Puram, NH-58, Delhi Haridwar Bypass Road, Meerut – 25005, Uttar Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v42i1.39034

Keywords:

Frequency, Outcome, Predisposing Factors, Retinopathy of Prematurity, Rural North India

Abstract

Introduction: ROP is a challenge due to better premature survival. It has an increasing trend and is a preventable cause of vision loss. Its occurrence, severity and outcome in rural population is poorly studied.

Methods: Ahospital based prospective observational longitudinal study was conducted on babies born at a tertiary care centre. Babies with gestation <32 weeks or birth weight < 1500 g were screened for ROP. Preterm babies of >32 weeks gestation with oxygen requirement, RDS, surfactant use, PDA, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy, septicemia, red cell transfusion due to anemia, need for inotropes were also included. Babies with ROP were assessed for severity as also need for intervention and were followed for12 months.

Results: Of the 211 neonates screened, 51 had ROP. Frequency was inversely related to both birth weight and gestational age with no gender difference. Oxygen therapy (p 0.001), RDS (p 0.005), mechanical ventilation (p0.003) and septicemia (p 0.005) were main risk factors. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy was found to be protective (p 0.0005). 15.68% cases required laser photocoagulation. During follow up, ROP regressed in all patients.

Conclusions: Risk factors for ROP included oxygen usage, RDS, mechanical ventilation and septicemia. Blood products or inotropes use was not an independent factor. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was protective. When diagnosed early, outcome is good in ROP.

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Published

2022-11-27

How to Cite

Parihar, K. ., Kumar Gupta, P. ., Singh, V. ., & Sharma, S. . (2022). Retinopathy of Prematurity: Incidence, Risk Factors & Outcome in North Indian Rural and Semi-urban population. Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society, 42(1), 119–123. https://doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v42i1.39034

Issue

Vol. 42 No. 1 (2022)

Section

Original Articles

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Copyright (c) 2022 Kamal Parihar, PRADEEP GUPTA, Vandana Singh, Sanjay Sharma

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