Leukemia cutis: a rare manifestation of an underlying primary plasma cell leukemia

Authors

  • Nutan Dixit Dr. RML Hospital & PGIMER, New Delhi, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6281-7831
  • Shalini Trivedi E.S.I.C Dental College & Hospital, Rohini, New Delhi, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6043-3316
  • Vikas Kumar Bansal Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, India
  • Pooja Jain ESIC Hospital and Dental College, Rohini, New Delhi, India
  • Aditi Raina Saraswati Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Sonal Agarwal ESIC Hospital and Dental College, Rohini, New Delhi, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v13i2.50422

Keywords:

Plasma cell leukaemia, leukaemia cutis, plasma cell leukaemia cutis, multiple myeloma, plasmacytoma

Abstract

Plasma cell leukaemia is the rarest yet most aggressive plasma cell disorder characterized by a malignant proliferation of plasma cells in the blood and bone marrow. Leukaemia cutis includes cutaneous manifestation of any type of leukaemia, and is defined as skin infiltration by malignant leukocytes or their precursors, resulting in clinically detectable cutaneous lesions. Plasma cell leukaemia cutis is a rare clinical presentation with an adverse prognosis which makes the index case an unusual entity. We hereby report a case of primary Plasma cell leukaemia, who presented with multiple cutaneous scalp nodules. Fine needle aspiration cytology performed on these scalp nodules revealed cellular smears exhibiting mature and immature plasma cells dispersed singly and arranged in small clusters. The total leukocyte count was 25,800/cu mm, with differential count of 18% polymorphonuclear leukocytes, 20% lymphocytes and 62% abnormal plasmacytoid cells. The diagnosis of primary PCL with cutaneous involvement was subsequently rendered through histology and immunophenotyping.

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Author Biographies

Nutan Dixit, Dr. RML Hospital & PGIMER, New Delhi, India

Senior Resident

Shalini Trivedi, E.S.I.C Dental College & Hospital, Rohini, New Delhi, India

Head of the Department and Specialist, Department of Pathology

Vikas Kumar Bansal, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, India

Senior Registrar, Department of Urology

Pooja Jain, ESIC Hospital and Dental College, Rohini, New Delhi, India

Chief Medical Officer, Department of Pathology

Aditi Raina, Saraswati Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, Uttar Pradesh, India

Professor, Department of Pathology

Sonal Agarwal, ESIC Hospital and Dental College, Rohini, New Delhi, India

Specialist, Department of Pathology

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Published

2023-12-31

How to Cite

Dixit, N., Trivedi, S., Bansal, V. K., Jain, P., Raina, A., & Agarwal, S. (2023). Leukemia cutis: a rare manifestation of an underlying primary plasma cell leukemia. Journal of Pathology of Nepal, 13(2), 2114–2118. https://doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v13i2.50422

Issue

Section

Case Reports

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