Exploring Traditional Techniques for Preserving Water, Forest, and Soil: A Phenomenological Study

Abstract

This article explored traditional techniques for preserving water, forests, and soil.  The study employed a phenomenological approach within an interpretive paradigm to explore the experiences of senior citizens. Six Senior citizen aged 75 years or older were purposively sampled from Kaski, Lalitpur, Sindhupalchok, Achham, and Kalikot, and in-depth telephone interviews were conducted.  The thematic analysis method was used to analyze the data.  It was found that, traditionally, people used unique techniques to preserve natural resources.  The Bamboo case for protecting against landslides and terracing farmland were used to control soil erosion. A mixed-crop system, building a shed in the farmland and mixing domestic animal urine into the land to nourish the soil with nitrogenous matter were used to preserve soil quality. Collecting and harvesting rainwater using ponds and wells were unique techniques for preserving water resources.  Such traditional techniques have been transformed into modern techniques such as Gavin wire and stone case, modern water recharging system, siltation dam, and community forest, thereby increasing responsibility. Then traditional knowledge also has scientific logic and thus should be promoted along with modern technology. Inquiry-based studies can further explore the fact and validate the findings of this study.