Mental Health Awareness, Stigma and Suicidality in A Peri-Urban Community of Nepal

Abstract

Stigma toward mental health conditions remains widespread globally and in Nepal. Although awareness of mental health is increasing, discrimination and stigma continue across gender, age, education level, and urban or rural settings. This community-based survey aimed to assess awareness of mental health and mental health services, examine stigma-related barriers, and estimate the prevalence of suicide-related experiences in a peri-urban community of Lalitpur district. A total of 221 respondents were selected through convenience sampling and completed a questionnaire covering knowledge of mental health and professionals, barriers to seeking care, community suicide incidents, and respondents’ suicidality. The findings showed that 63.3% of respondents were aware of mental health, 81.9% of mental diseases, 61.5% of psychiatrists, and 38% of counseling services. Although 84.9% agreed that mental health professionals should be consulted when needed, 54.8% reported stigma-related barriers to seeking help. Nearly one-fifth (19%) reported suicidal ideation, with higher rates among females. The study concludes that awareness exists, but it is stronger for medication-based treatment than for psychosocial support or counseling. Stigma remains a major obstacle, and suicidality is a significant concern in the community. Further research should assess the national impact of mental health programs and campaigns on mental well-being, level of knowledge and attitudes towards mental health problems and professional support. Likewise, preparedness of local health facilities to offer mental health services for proper diagnosis and treatment of mental health problems can also be studied.