Knowledge and Perceived Barriers Regarding Aseptic Techniques among Nurses in a Tertiary Level Hospital

Abstract

Background: Aseptic techniques are vital in preventing healthcare-associated infections, which remain a major concern in hospital settings. Nurses play a crucial role in maintaining asepsis; however, their knowledge and the barriers they encounter can influence effective practice. This study aimed to assess nurses' knowledge and perceived barriers to practicing aseptic techniques.

Methods: A hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 210 nurses at Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences using a convenient sampling technique. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire covering sociodemographic variables, knowledge of aseptic techniques, and perceived barriers. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were used to summarize data, while Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied to examine associations between selected variables and knowledge level.

Results: Most participants (71.4%) were below 30 years, and 43.8% were single. Over half had bachelor's and above, and 47.1% had 1-5 years of experience. Only 23.3% had received formal training in aseptic techniques. Knowledge assessment showed 41.4% had good knowledge, 48.6% moderate, and 10% poor knowledge. Higher education, greater work experience, and prior training were significantly associated with better knowledge (p<0.05). Major barriers included overcrowding, inadequate infrastructure, limited resources, and lack of clear guidelines.

Conclusion: Most nurses demonstrated moderate to good knowledge of aseptic techniques where structural and systemic barriers hindered effective implementation. Strengthening training, institutional support, and infrastructure is essential to enhance adherence and promote patient safety.