Sight-Threatening Ocular Complications in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Of Vitreous Hemorrhage And Retinal Detachment at Presentation

Authors

  • Sanjog Kandel B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal
  • Guru Sharan Sah B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal
  • Jayaram Adhikari B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal
  • Bibek Khanal B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal
  • Bhawana Giri B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v13i03.88836

Keywords:

Chronic myeloid leukemia, Vitreous hemorrhage, Retinal detachment

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that typically presents with constitutional symptoms, splenomegaly, and hematologic abnormalities. Ocular involvement is rare, and vitreous hemorrhage with retinal detachment as presenting features is exceedingly uncommon.

We report a 29-year-old female with sudden painless blurring of vision in the right eye for 5 days. The patient was a diagnosed case of chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase whose hematological workup showed marked leukocytosis with myeloid precursors. Bone marrow aspirate confirmed CML in chronic phase, and cytogenetic analysis demonstrated t(9;22) with BCR–ABL1 positivity. The patient was initiated on imatinib 400 mg daily for the last 2 weeks before ophthalmic presentation.  Ophthalmic examination revealed dense vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment.

The patient showed partial resolution of vitreous hemorrhage and improved visual acuity over 2 weeks and hematological improvement with continued imatinib therapy.

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Author Biographies

Sanjog Kandel, B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal

Department of Medical Oncology

Guru Sharan Sah, B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal

Department of Medical Oncology

Jayaram Adhikari, B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal

Department of Medical Oncology

Bibek Khanal, B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal

Department of Medical Oncology

Bhawana Giri, B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal

Department of Medical Oncology

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Published

2025-12-31

How to Cite

Sanjog Kandel, Guru Sharan Sah, Jayaram Adhikari, Bibek Khanal, & Bhawana Giri. (2025). Sight-Threatening Ocular Complications in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Of Vitreous Hemorrhage And Retinal Detachment at Presentation. Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, 13(03), 52–55. https://doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v13i03.88836

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 03 (2025): Issue 35

Section

Case Reports

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