Clinico-Pathological Correlation of Upper Gastrointestinal Disease by Gastroduodenoscopy and Biopsy in a Tertiary Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Endoscopic biopsies are easy and safe out patient based procedure that provides accurate diagnosis of patients having symptoms of gastrointestinal tract. Histo-pathological findings are one of the gold standard for the confirmatory diagnosis of lesions detected in endoscopy.

Materials and Methods: A two year retrospective study was carried out in 100 upper gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsies. Endoscopic upper gastrointestinal biopsies were fixed in 10% formalin solution. Routine Hematoxylin & Eosin stain and Giemsa stain was done to detect Helicobacter pylori.

Results: Out of 100 patients most common histo-pathological finding was chronic gastritis (n=57; 57%) followed by dysplesia (n=16; 16%) and chronic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia (n=12;12%). 14(24.6%) of chronic gastritis patients were Helicobacter pylori positive, 2(16.7%) of chronic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia were Helicobacter pylori positive and none of the patients with dysplesia were Helicobacter pylori positive. 14(14%) of the specimen were malignant out of which 13(92%) were adenocarcinoma and 1(8%) was squamous cell carcinoma.

Conclusion: Early detection of Helicobacter pylori and its eradication is important to prevent chronic gastritis and complications.