Prevalence and Consequences of Insomnia among Patients Visiting Tertiary Hospital

Abstract

Background
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder, affecting about 10% of people in its chronic form worldwide. According to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-2), it involves persistent difficulty initiating, maintaining, or obtaining quality sleep despite adequate opportunity, leading to daytime impairment. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, severity, and consequences of insomnia among affected individuals.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Psychiatric Department, College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital, among total 480 patients of sleep related disorder of which 145 insomnia patients aged >18 years over 6 months from April 30 to September 30, 2025 were included. Informed consent was obtained from participants and data were collected using demographic, ISI(Insomnia Severity Index), HAM-D (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ), HAM-A(Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) and BPRS (Brief Psychotic Rating  Scale), entered into Microsoft Excel, and analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results
The prevalence of insomnia was 31.5% which was similar to other studies done in Nepal and India and females of 20-40 age group, illiterate, married and unemployed were affected most with consequences like anxiety and depression to be more common as a sequela of insomnia.
Conclusions
The study conducted showed the prevalence of insomnia to be 31.5% which is similar to other studies done in developing countries. This review emphasized that insomnia in the adult age group is a common health issue and requires more attention to reduce insomnia prevalence and severity.