Evaluation of the status of water quality of three swimming pools in Bujumbura city, Burundi

Authors

  • Christophe Niyungeko Center for Research in Natural and Environmental Sciences (CRNSE), University of Burundi, Faculty of Sciences 2700, Bujumbura, Burundi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0430-4146
  • Jonas Ntirampeba Center for Research in Natural and Environmental Sciences (CRNSE), University of Burundi, Faculty of Sciences 2700, Bujumbura, Burundi
  • Prudence Bararunyeretse Center for Research in Natural and Environmental Sciences (CRNSE), University of Burundi, Faculty of Sciences 2700, Bujumbura, Burundi
  • Benjamin Makimilua Tiimub Faculty of Environment and Health Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Ashanti-Mampong Campus, Ghana
  • Manassé Nihorimbere Center for Research in Natural and Environmental Sciences (CRNSE), University of Burundi, Faculty of Sciences 2700, Bujumbura, Burundi
  • Pierre Ntakiyiruta Center for Research in Natural and Environmental Sciences (CRNSE), University of Burundi, Faculty of Sciences 2700, Bujumbura, Burundi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3126/ije.v11i2.44652

Keywords:

Water quality, Swimming pools, Disinfection, Coliforms, Contamination

Abstract

Poor water quality is problematic for the health of public swimmers. This study focused on the water quality of three main swimming pools coded as MS, ES and HC in the city of Bujumbura, Burundi. Water samples were collected from June to the end of August 2020 and analyzed for physicochemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, conductivity, nitrates, free chlorine and microbiological parameters (total coliforms and faecal coliforms). Our results indicated that 2/3 of the sampling days showed pH >7.8 and pH<7.2 in the MS and HC pools, respectively. All these pools exhibited high turbidity whereas ES manifested very high value (6.05NTU). Free chlorine appeared very low in the MS pool with contamination by total coliforms (<1MPN 1mL-1 and 1.17x107MPN 1mL-1, <1MPN 1mL-1 and 6.32x106MPN 1mL-1, and < 1MPN 1mL-1 and 5x102 MPN 1mL-1) for MS, ES, and HC respectively. Both MS and ES pools revealed higher thermotolerant coliforms contamination of (<1MPN 1mL-1 and 2.18x104MPN 1mL-1) in MS and (<1MPN 1mL-1 and 2.32x104MPN 1mL-1) in ES, but the HC pool showed a single contamination case with values of <1UFC 1mL-1 and 5UFC1mL-1 throughout the sampling period. Additionally, extreme concentrations of nitrates (104.89 mgL-1) were observed at the ES pool. The findings showed a non-compliance with WHO standards for all three swimming pools and therefore advocates for an urgent need to monitor and treat or change the water frequently for quality assurance of swimming pools.

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Published

2022-10-07

How to Cite

Niyungeko, C., Ntirampeba, J., Bararunyeretse, P., Tiimub, B. M., Nihorimbere, M., & Ntakiyiruta, P. (2022). Evaluation of the status of water quality of three swimming pools in Bujumbura city, Burundi. International Journal of Environment, 11(2), 53–70. https://doi.org/10.3126/ije.v11i2.44652

Issue

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022)

Section

Research Papers

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